During this year, children learn more social skills. They are able to play with their prmary carers and are comfortable with other familiar adults. They start to explore their environment but need the reassurance that their primary carer is nearby. At the end of this year, children often start to notice other children and are able to play alongside them (parallel play). Emotionally, children are very dependent on their primary carer.
15 months:
- Begins to explore their environment if an adult is close by.
- Begins to use words to communicate with.
- Emotionally dependant on familiar adult.
- Has a stronger feeling of being an individual.
- Helps with dressing.
- Language is increasing.
- Points to objects to show familiar adults.
- Explores environment and shows some independence but still needs familiar adults.
- Strong emotions - e.g. anger, fear, joy - are shown.
- Plays near other children (parallel play).
- Begins to talk when playing - pretend play.
- Imitates adults' actions.
- Strong emotions - e.g. anger, fear, joy - are shown.
- Is aware of physical needs.
- Little concept of others as 'people'.
- Socially very immature.
- Solitary play dependant on adult guidance.
Childen in he first part of this stage are keenly aware of what they want to do, although they become easily frustrated because their own physical and language skills are not developed enough to meet these desires. they also find it difficult to understand why they cannot have what they see, because they lack the concept of ownership or objects being unsafe. Frustration is often vented through temper tantrums or inconsolable crying.
it is common for children to cling to objects of attachment (comforter, teddy) at this stage to help them feel more secure.
During this stage most children will:
- Have a strong sense of their identity, including their gender and age.
- Be happy to leave their primary carer for short periods of time.
- Start taking an interest in other children and playing with them.
- Show concern for other children - e.g. telling carer if baby is crying.
- Begins to take turns when playing.
- May have imaginary companions.
- Tries very hard to please.
This is a more settled year for children. Their first real friendships start to develop, with other children seeking out particular friends. Emotionally, children still need reassurance from their imediate carers, but are more independent and may play by themselves for longer periods. They still feel strong emotions, and quarrels and temper tantrums are still apparent at times.
During this stage most children will:
- Be affectionate towards family, friends and carers.
- Want to help and please primary carers and other familiar adults.
- Imitates, in play, actions seen - e.g. putting teddy to bed, feeding dolls.
- Shares playthings.
- plays with other children - mostly pretend play.
- Shows concern for other people.
In some ways the expression 'I can do' sums up this period of a child's life.
Emotionally most children are feeling confident and express themselves in terms of their achievements - e.g.'I got a sticker today' or 'Look at me. I can climb this now.'
They may start to use words and actions in imitation of other people.
At this time, children start to play with children of their own gender which may link to their understanding of gender roles.
During this stage most children will:
- Enjoy other children's company / highly cooperative play.
- Argues with other children.
- Develop a sense of humour.
- Choose own friends.
- Be eager to carry out some responsibilities.
- Enjoy games requiring turn taking and observing rules.
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